Principles Of Ionization: Ionic Equilibrium (1959)

This educational chemistry film explores the impact of different solutes on the boiling point of water and their electrical conductivity. Through experiments, it demonstrates that non-electrolytes like urea raise the boiling point modestly, while electrolytes such as sodium chloride cause a greater elevation due to ion dissociation. The film then compares conductivity among various solutions, showing that only those with high concentrations of ions—like sodium chloride—conduct electricity well. Acids are also compared: weak acids like acetic acid show low conductivity and slow reactions with zinc, while strong acids like hydrochloric acid react rapidly due to high hydronium ion concentration. The film concludes with a visualization of ion migration during electrolysis using colored ions and time-lapse photography, reinforcing the concept that charged particles in solution are responsible for conductivity and chemical reactivity.

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